A Brief Comparison Between Linear And Non-Linear Loads

Alternating current is used universally in both domestic and commercial applications. For the latter, there is often a presence of harmonic distortion, caused by non-linear loads, requiring the use of active harmonic filters. However, to understand how distortion is created, it is first vital to know what a non-linear load is, and how it differs from a linear load. This blog explores this comparison and relays some common adverse effects of non-linear load.

What Is A Linear Load?

Linear load is a condition wherein the current and voltage are proportional to each other, as per the basic tenets of Ohm’s Law. Some classic examples of linear loads are transformers, capacitors and motors.

What Is A Non-Linear Load?

On the other hand, a non-linear load is a type of current that is not proportional to voltage. The resulting effect is a current fluctuation based on the load impedance. Some common examples of devices with non-linear loads are variable speed drives and electronic devices.

Due to this configuration, the current is drawn in short pulses or bursts, leading to a disruption of the current waveform and thereby creating harmonics. This leads to a plethora of power problems that can adversely affect the devices and negatively impact the overall energy consumption.

Impact Of Non-Linear Loads

Voltage Fluctuations

Since non-linear loads create harmonic distortion, it can lead to voltage fluctuations if left unmitigated. These fluctuations can impact the operation of sensitive equipment.

Reduction In Power Factor

The power factor determines how current is used effectively by devices. Distortions caused by non-linear loads lead to a loss of power factor, meaning the system will draw in more current than necessary.

Overheating

The distortion caused by non-linear loads leads to additional power losses due to increased exposure to system impedances. This leads to overheating in the system, particularly in conductors and transformers.

These negative impacts necessitate the use of a harmonic filter to tackle the issue and ensure smooth, efficient system operation.

ADM Engineering Inc. can help provide the best-suited harmonic filters for your application. Be it active harmonic filters, passive harmonic filters or hybrid versions, our experts will provide you with the best power quality solutions that will positively impact your bottom line. For more details, contact us at 1.877-236-8337.